Agroecology: A transformation towards food sovereignty in Senegal?

As Senegal grapples with the negative impacts of globalised industrial food systems, agroecology is regaining momentum as a sustainable alternative. Within the ARTS programme we seek to better understand the country’s agricultural transition.
by Lise Landrin

Senegal is currently a net importer of food. Climate change, as well as the exploitation of land and natural resources by international communities and agribusiness, are significantly increasing threats to food autonomy. Yet, at the same time, Senegal has been a leading country in promoting agroecology since the 1970s, with notable figures such as Mariam Sow. Today, the new government, which came to power in the February 2024 elections, has made sovereignty and self-autonomy a priority, aiming to retain its population through locally anchored jobs.

Creating momentum beyond the niche

Agroecology promotes a holistic food system, focusing on production, distribution, and consumption with respect for biodiversity, social equality and economic sustainability. Today, a national advocacy movement for Agroecology is underway. Organizations like DYTAES and DYTAEL (Dynamics for National and Local Agroecology) are bringing together agroecological actors to create political momentum and secure resources. Although still largely isolated and threatened by the development of conventional agriculture, these initiatives are seeking various tools to promote their approach and foster a paradigm shift in favor of agroecology.

Introducing the ARTS program

In this context, the ARTS program has brought together a consortium of scientists (agronomists, geographers, sociologists), Senegalese NGOs (ENDA Pronat), and local partners (IPAR) to map agroecological initiatives and support their emergence. ARTS has three main goals :

1.  A scientific inquiry to understand how the agroecological transition is emerging and structuring itself in Senegal, with a particular focus on the multi-actor and feminist systems.
2.  An action initiative aimed at promoting agroecology, climate and social justice.
3.  An engagement toward creative methods, including arts (theater, picture, movies, drawing, creative collective writings)

I recently conducted a three-month field study in the two regions of focus: Petite Côte and Casamance. This fieldwork allowed me to meet key actors in agroecology, contribute to connecting this network, and create participatory workshops to promote engagement with the agroecological vision. By opening safe spaces and creative spaces of discussion, I am searching ways to connect science and arts in the same loop: to foster a civic movement promoting social and environmental justice.

Upcoming events:

• AGROWORKS Lausanne: https://pyxis.art/evenements/les-papilles-cultivees-une-fete-de-lagroecologie/
• Biennale ART DAKAR: https://biennaledakar.org/